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[目的]探讨由新菠萝灰粉蚧危害引起的紫色卷叶病的病因、病原和抗性苗应用技术。[方法]通过小区试验、大田试验与示范开展紫色卷叶病的病因、病原、抗性苗抗病能力的调查鉴定,并研究其抗性苗的应用技术。[结果]紫色卷叶病是由新菠萝灰粉蚧危害引起,病原仍在进一步鉴定,但已排除真菌、细菌、线虫病害,该病不遗传给后代,大田剑麻植株发病后2~3年便恢复正常,然后遇粉蚧危害再次复发,可反复发病2~3次,6~9年后便产生抗性。使用海南昌江重老病区引进的第1代抗性苗进行种植和作母株扩繁,可有效控制该病,2代抗性苗抗性下降,不宜作母株扩繁材料;离开母体繁殖的抗性苗其抗性下降;收获叶片后(指常防虫)麻田长出的走茎苗抗性有所下降,不宜使用;抗性苗适宜冬、春季防治粉蚧1~2次,不能常防虫,否则,抗性下降。[结论]该研究结果为剑麻生产提供了参考。
[Objective] The research aimed to discuss the etiology, pathogen and resistant seedling application technology of purple leaf roll caused by new pineapple gray scale. [Method] The etiology, pathogen and resistant seedling resistance of purple leaf roll were tested and identified through plot test, field experiment and demonstration, and the application techniques of its resistant seedling were studied. [Result] The purple leaf roll disease was caused by the harm of the new pineapple powder mealybug, and the pathogen was still further identified. However, the disease of fungi, bacteria and nematodes had been excluded. The disease did not pass on to the offspring. The field sisal plants were 2 to 3 years after onset Will return to normal, and then met the recurrence of mealybugs hazards, can be repeated 2 to 3 times, 6 to 9 years after they have resistance. The first-generation resistant seedlings introduced from Changjiang Re-Ward in Hainan Province were planted and propagated as mother plants, which could effectively control the disease. The resistance of the second generation of resistant seedlings decreased and should not be used as propagation material for mother plants. Resistance to seedling its resistance decreased; after harvested leaves (refers to pest control) Makita grew stems seedlings resistance decreased, should not be used; resistant seedlings suitable winter, prevention and treatment of mealybug 1 or 2 times in spring, can not often pest control Otherwise, resistance will drop. [Conclusion] The results of this study provide a reference for sisal production.