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目的了解2010年-2012年宁波市鄞州区的出生缺陷发生及构成情况,分析原因,寻求干预措施,降低出生缺陷发生率及围产儿死亡率。方法对鄞州区2010至2012年在各级医疗保健机构(包括本地户口在外地医疗机构)孕产妇分娩的围产儿及<28w的治疗性引产儿进行监测。结果鄞州区3年间总出生数41 941例,发现出生缺陷441例,出生缺陷总发生率为105.15/万。本地人口发生率161.26/万,流动人口发生率71.82/万。本地人口与流动人口<28w治疗性引产数比较:本地人口经产前诊断治疗性引产占出生缺陷数的22.62%;流动人口治疗性引产占流动人口出生缺陷数的10.58%。出生缺陷前6位畸形依次为先天性心脏病、四肢畸形,唇腭裂、神经管畸形、泌尿生殖系统畸形、其他消化道畸形。结论鄞州区本地人口出生缺陷发生率处于逐年下降水平。流动人口出生缺陷发生率及产前诊断率显著低于本地人口,要加强流动人口产前筛查和产前诊断工作,以提高监测工作质量。先天性心脏病产前诊断率有待进一步提高。
Objective To understand the incidence and composition of birth defects in Yinzhou District of Ningbo City from 2010 to 2012, analyze the causes and seek interventions to reduce the incidence of birth defects and perinatal mortality. Methods From 2010 to 2012, Yinzhou District monitored the perinatal delivery of pregnant women and therapeutic curatives of <28w at all levels of health care institutions (including local accounts in local medical institutions) from 2010 to 2012. Results The total number of births in Yinzhou District during the three years was 41 941, 441 cases of birth defects were found and the total incidence of birth defects was 105.15 / million. The local population incidence of 161.26 / million, the floating population incidence of 71.82 / million. Local Population and Floating Population <28w Comparison of Therapeutic Induced Labor: 22.62% of the total number of birth defects were diagnosed in the local population through prenatal diagnosis. Therapeutic induction of migrants accounted for 10.58% of the total number of birth defects in migrant workers. The first six deformities of birth defects followed by congenital heart disease, limb deformities, cleft lip and palate, neural tube defects, genitourinary system deformities, other gastrointestinal malformations. Conclusion The incidence of birth defects in local population in Yinzhou District is decreasing year by year. The incidence of birth defects and prenatal diagnosis of migrants is significantly lower than that of the local population. Prenatal screening and prenatal diagnosis should be strengthened to improve the quality of monitoring work. Prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease needs to be further improved.