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目的:探讨急性高原病的易感因素、临床表现及治疗。方法:所有病例均符合中华医学会第3次全国高原医学会议诊断标准,治疗以吸氧、低转、糖皮质激素、脱水、利尿和病人卧床休息为主。结果:162例急性高原反应经就地休息、吸氧等治疗很快得到缓解;10例高原肺水肿和1例高原肺水肿合并高原脑水肿经下转至海拔3700m治疗后痊愈;1例高原脑水肿下送至平原治疗痊愈;1例高原脑水肿在下送途中死亡。结论:上呼吸道感染、劳累易诱发急性高原病的发生,吸氧、利尿、脱水、降低肺动脉压力等治疗措施有效,高原脑水肿是治疗的难点,死亡率仍较高。
Objective: To investigate the susceptibility factors, clinical manifestation and treatment of acute altitude sickness. Methods: All cases were in line with the Chinese Medical Association 3rd National Highland Medical Conference diagnostic criteria, the treatment of oxygen, low turn, glucocorticoid, dehydration, diuretic and patient bed rest mainly. Results: 162 cases of acute altitude sickness were relieved by rest in situ and oxygen therapy. 10 cases of high altitude pulmonary edema and 1 case of high altitude pulmonary edema complicated by high altitude cerebral edema were transferred to the altitude of 3700m after treatment, 1 case of highland brain Edema sent to the plain treatment healed; 1 case of high altitude brain edema died on the next delivery. CONCLUSION: Upper respiratory tract infection can lead to acute altitude sickness easily. Oxygen inhalation, diuretic, dehydration and pulmonary artery pressure reduction are effective. High altitude cerebral edema is difficult to treat. The mortality rate is still high.