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本文对一件东汉时期铜鼓的保存状况和病害进行了初步调查,并采用金相显微镜、X-射线荧光光谱分析仪(XRF)、X-射线衍射仪(XRD)等仪器分析了铜鼓本体材质及其腐蚀产物。结果表明,该铜鼓本体材质为典型的铜锡铅三元合金,推测为泥范法铸造:铜鼓锈蚀产物主要是孔雀石,此外夹杂有针铁矿和石英。根据检测结果,结合局部实验效果,对铜鼓采取了表面清理、脱盐清洗、缓蚀、封护等针对性的保护处理措施。历经三年多沿海地区馆藏环境的考验,铜鼓保存状况稳定。
In this paper, a preliminary investigation on the preservation status and disease of a bronze drum during the Eastern Han Dynasty was carried out. The materials of the bronze drum body and its components were analyzed by means of metallographic microscope, X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) Its corrosion products. The results show that the material of the bronze drum is a typical copper-tin-lead ternary alloy, which is presumed to be mud-casting method. The copper drum corroded product is mainly malachite, and the inclusions are goethite and quartz. According to the test results, combined with the local experimental results, the copper drum has taken surface cleaning, desalination cleaning, corrosion inhibition, sealing and other targeted protection measures. After more than three years of tests in the coastal areas, the preservation of copper drums has been stable.