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目的掌握南京市栖霞区钉螺消长情况,探讨控制钉螺策略措施。方法采用回顾性方法,分析比较2005—2014年全区螺情资料和现场不同环境类型螺情指标逐年变化情况,同时比较钉螺面积与灭螺覆盖率之间的相关关系。结果全区2005前螺情居高不下,通过强化灭螺,江滩和通江河道实施综合治理等措施,钉螺面积从2005年6 554 215 ha(1 ha=10 000 m~2)降至2014年的3581 591 ha,下降了54.65%,活螺密度由6.520只/0.11 m~2下降至2.050只/0.11 m~2,有螺框出现率由81.5%下降至16.5%,呈逐年下降趋势;钉螺面积与灭螺覆盖率之间呈现负相关关系(r=-0.879,P<0.05)。区内感染性钉螺最终消灭,并于2010年达到国家血吸虫病传播控制标准。结论强化灭螺并实施有螺环境全覆盖药物灭螺结合综合治理是控制辖区内螺情的直接有效措施.但仍需加强螺情监测,以巩固防治成果。
Objective To understand the growth and development of Oncomelania snails in Qixia district, Nanjing, and to explore the strategic measures for controlling snails. Methods The retrospective method was used to analyze and compare year-by-year changes of snail data and snail indicators of different environmental types from 2005 to 2014. The correlation between snail area and snail coverage rate was also compared. Results As a result, the snail area in 2005 was very high. The snail area dropped from 6 554 215 ha (1 ha = 10 000 m 2) in 2005 to 2014 The annual average density of 3581 591 ha decreased by 54.65%, and the density of living snails decreased from 6.520 /0.11 m ~ 2 to 2.050 /0.11 m ~ 2. The occurrence rate of screw frame decreased from 81.5% to 16.5%, showing a declining trend year by year. There was a negative correlation between snail area and snail coverage (r = -0.879, P <0.05). Infectious snails finally eradicated, and in 2010 reached the national schistosomiasis transmission control standards. Conclusion It is a direct and effective measure to control mollusc snail in the area under the condition of intensifying molluscicide and implementing integrated control of molluscicidal environment with snail. The monitoring of moluccidae still needs to be strengthened to consolidate the results of prevention and cure.