Objective To study the constituents in the whole plant of Boschniakia rossica. Methods The constituents were separated and purified with chromatographic methods. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods (1D, 2D NMR, UV, IR, and HRESI-TOF-MS) and chemical analyses. Results One new phenylpropanol glycoside (1) and its five known analogues were obtained from B. rossica. They were identified as trans-p-coumaryl- (2′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), salidroside I (2), rossicasin A (3), trans-p-coumaryl alcohol 1-O-β-glucopyranosyl(1→4)-α-rhamnopyranosyl(1→3)-β-glucopyranoside (4), salidroside (5), and acetoside (6). Conclusion Among the known compounds, compound 2 is firstly isolated from the plants in genus Boschniakia C. A. Mey. ex Bongard. Meanwhile, the 13 C-NMR data of 9 and 4′ positions in compound 4 are corrected. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods (1D, 2D NMR, UV, IR, and HRESI-TOF-MS) and chemical They were identified as trans-p-coumaryl- (2’-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl) -β-D-glucopyranoside (4) -alpha-rhamnopyranosyl (1 → 3) -β-glucopyranoside (1) , Salidroside (5), and acetoside (6). Conclusion Among the known compounds, compound 2 is locally isolated from the plants in genus Boschniakia CA Mey. ex Bongard. Meanwhile, the 13 C-NMR data of 9 and 4 ’positions in compound 4 are corrected.