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表达自由作为一项基本人权形式和政治自由,对于一国的宪政建设具有重要的意义。作为当今世界宪政实践最完备也最成功的美国,在司法实践中发生过许多关于言论自由的案子。美国联邦最高法院正是在处理一系列的案件中形成了自己的关于表达自由的原则,这些原则的形成对其他宪政国家处理类似的案件具有重要的启发。本文即从美国历史上著名的“焚烧国旗案”来透视在其宪政精神下的表达自由之立场和所持的基本原则。并对影响其表达自由立场的重要学理学说进行了分析。
As a basic form of human rights and political freedom, freedom of expression is of great significance to the constitutional construction of a country. As the most complete and successful U.S. constitutional practice in the world today, many cases of freedom of speech have taken place in judicial practice. It is in the handling of a series of cases that the Supreme Court of the United States formed its own principle of freedom of expression. The formation of these principles is of great significance to other constitutional countries in handling similar cases. This article is from the history of the United States famous “Incineration Flag Case” to see under its constitutional spirit of freedom of expression and hold the basic principles of freedom. It also analyzes the important theory of learning that affects its freedom of expression.