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目的通过开展“影响小白鼠缺氧耐受性因素”设计性实验,探讨机体代谢率对小白鼠缺氧耐受性的影响机制,并对学生的科研能力进行初步训练。方法学生自主设计低张性缺氧的小白鼠模型,将小白鼠随机分成三组,分别腹腔注射三种药物:生理盐水(Ⅰ组)、1%咖啡因(Ⅱ组)和0.25%氯丙嗪(Ⅲ组),观察各生命体征,并记录耗氧量。结果学生独立自主完成实验,注射咖啡因的小白鼠较注射生理盐水的小白鼠死亡早、代谢率高,注射氯丙嗪的小白鼠较注射生理盐水的小白鼠死亡晚、代谢率低。结论降低机体代谢率对提高小白鼠缺氧耐受性有积极作用。设计性实验能系统地训练学生的初步科研能力,知识的综合运用能力和创新能力。
Objective To investigate the mechanism of hypoxia tolerance in mice by carrying out design experiments on the factors that affect hypoxic tolerance of mice, and to conduct preliminary training on their research ability. Methods The hypoxia model rats were designed independently. The mice were randomly divided into three groups: intraperitoneal injection of three drugs: saline (group Ⅰ), 1% caffeine (group Ⅱ) and 0.25% chlorpromazine (Group Ⅲ), observe the vital signs, and record the oxygen consumption. Results The students completed the experiments independently. The mice injected with caffeine died earlier than the mice injected with normal saline and the metabolic rate was high. Compared with the mice injected with normal saline, the mice injected with chlorpromazine died later and the metabolic rate was lower. Conclusion Reducing body metabolic rate has a positive effect on improving hypoxic tolerance of mice. Design experiments can systematically train students’ initial research ability, comprehensive utilization of knowledge and innovation ability.