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神经白细胞素(NLK)是一种对神经细胞和免疫细胞均有调节作用的蛋白质。在骨骼肌、脑及骨髓等组织中均可检测到较高的NLK活性。神经受损的肌肉组织和丝裂原刺激的T细胞均可产生NLK。NLK对脊髓神经元和感觉神经元有营养作用,可促进这些神经元的存活能力。NLK亦可促进成熟的B淋巴细胞分化成为抗体分泌细胞,但B细胞一旦分化成为抗体分泌细胞,其分泌抗体的能力则不再依赖于NLK的存在。NLK与6-磷酸葡萄糖异构酶(GPI)的氨基酸顺序高度同源,并具有GPI的酶活性,但酶活性与其对神经细胞和免疫细胞的作用无关。此外,NLK与HIV-1病毒包膜糖蛋白gp120的顺序部分同源,gp120能抑制NLK的生物活性,提示艾滋病的免疫缺陷和中枢神经系统症状可能与gp120干扰NLK的功能有关。
Neutrophil (NLK) is a protein that regulates both nerve cells and immune cells. In skeletal muscle, brain and bone marrow and other tissues can detect higher NLK activity. NLK is produced by both nerve tissue and mitogen-stimulated T cells. NLK has a nourishing effect on spinal cord neurons and sensory neurons and promotes the survival of these neurons. NLK also promotes the differentiation of mature B lymphocytes into antibody-secreting cells, but once B cells become antibody-secreting cells, their ability to secrete antibodies is no longer dependent on the presence of NLK. NLK is highly homologous to the amino acid sequence of 6-phosphoglucose isomerase (GPI) and has GPI enzyme activity, but its activity is not related to its effect on nerve cells and immune cells. In addition, NLK is partially homologous to the sequence of gp120, an HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein, and gp120 inhibits the biological activity of NLK, suggesting that immunodeficiency and central nervous system symptoms of AIDS may be related to the function of gp120 in interfering with NLK.