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经皮肾镜取石术(percutaneous nephrolithotomy,PCNL)是目前处理肾结石的首选治疗方案,具有高效、创伤小及结石清除率高等特点。但对于复杂性肾结石,PCNL往往不能一次取净结石,需要二期手术。临床上可通过体外冲击波碎石(extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy,ESWL)、输尿管软镜及二期PCNL等手术方式进一步处理残石。但对于残石处理的手术方式,目
Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is the treatment of choice for the treatment of kidney stones, with high efficiency, small trauma and high rate of stone clearance. However, for complex renal calculi, PCNL often can not take net stones at one time, requiring two surgeries. Clinically, residual stone can be further treated by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), ureteroscopic and PCNL stage II. However, for the treatment of residual stone surgery, head