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本文论述了决定硅酸盐在酸中溶解的模式和反应性的各种因素。在酸的作用下,随着金属阳离子和二氧化硅的溶解,正硅酸盐、双硅酸盐和环状硅酸盐分解。可是链状硅酸盐、层状硅酸盐和架状硅酸盐与酸作用的结果,通常是这些硅酸盐部分分解,导致金属阳离子溶解,并留下硅质残渣。硅酸盐的反应性是由硅酸盐的结构特点和硅酸盐中金属阳离子的性质共同决定的。金属离子与阴离子的络合作用可以提高金属硅酸盐在酸中的溶解速度。对于硅酸盐的反应性是由扩散过程或是由含硅酸盐矿石的性质所决定的情况也进行了讨论。
This article discusses various factors that determine the mode and reactivity of silicates in acid dissolution. Under the action of acids, orthosilicates, disilicates and cyclic silicates decompose as the metal cations and silica dissolve. However, as a result of the action of the chain silicates, phyllosilicates and phyllosilicates with acids, it is common for these silicate moieties to decompose, resulting in dissolution of the metal cations and leaving a siliceous residue. Silicate reactivity is determined by the structural features of the silicate and the nature of the metal cations in the silicate. The complexation of metal ions with anions can increase the dissolution rate of metal silicates in the acid. The reactivity of silicates is also determined by the diffusion process or by the nature of silicate-bearing ores.