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目的为了解栖霞区麻疹流行病学特征和流行趋势,为制订麻疹防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学研究方法对2004-2010年栖霞区麻疹监测资料进行分析。结果 2004-2010年我区麻疹疫情总体呈下降趋势,城郊结合部发病率相对较高,发病时间主要集中在3～5月(占60.0%),发病年龄主要集中在0～1岁组(占34.0%)和20～40岁组(占32.9%),职业以散居儿童为最高(占46.6%)。结论外来流动人口增加易出现免疫空白,未达麻疹疫苗免疫月龄儿童、麻疹疫苗应种未种以及免疫失败的人群均为麻疹易感人群。建议采取措施提高麻疹免疫的接种率和及时率,提高人群麻疹抗体水平,加强疫情监测和规范处置,加强疫苗和冷链运转管理,有效预防和控制麻疹的传播。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and epidemiological characteristics of measles in Qixia district and provide a scientific basis for formulating measles prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the monitoring data of measles in Qixia district from 2004 to 2010. Results The epidemic situation of measles in our district showed a decreasing trend from 2004 to 2010 with a relatively high incidence in the suburbs and the onset time mainly concentrated in March to May (60.0%). The onset age mainly concentrated in the 0-1 year-old group 34.0%) and 20- to 40-year-olds (32.9%). The highest number of children were scattered children in occupation (46.6%). Conclusions Increased immigrant population is prone to immunization blanket. Children who are not immunized with measles vaccine, measles vaccine should not be planted and immunocompromised population are all susceptible to measles. It is suggested that measures be taken to increase the vaccination rate and timely rate of measles immunization, raise the level of measles antibody among the population, strengthen the monitoring and standardization of epidemic situation, strengthen the management of vaccines and cold chains, and effectively prevent and control the spread of measles.