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目的分析鄂尔多斯市人群麻疹、风疹抗体分布,了解血清流行病学规律,从而为预防和控制麻疹、风疹的流行提供依据。方法按分阶段整群抽样后,随机抽取东胜等4个区(旗)为调查地区,对672名5~20岁人群用酶联免疫吸附试验检测麻疹和风疹IgG、Ig M抗体,对人群麻疹与风疹IgG抗体做了交叉性分析。对结果用EPI Info软件进行统计分析。结果麻疹IgG抗体总阳性率为91.8%,流动人口聚集的东胜区最低(78.1%);最高为17~20岁组,最低为13~16岁组。风疹抗体总阳性率为23.2%,随年龄增长而增高,农区明显低于牧区。结论人口密度较高地区及流动人口聚集区麻疹、风疹流行的可能性更大。加强麻疹监测,及时报告首发病例并进行血清学诊断分类,加强流动人群儿童的预防接种,提高免疫覆盖率,尽快普及风疹疫苗的免疫,是控制爆发或流行的关键措施。
Objective To analyze the distribution of measles and rubella in Erdos and to understand the epidemiological rules of serum so as to provide basis for the prevention and control of the epidemic of measles and rubella. Methods According to the cluster sampling in stages, 4 districts (flags) of Dongsheng were randomly selected as the survey area, and the anti-measles and rubella IgG and Ig M antibodies were detected in 672 people aged 5-20 years by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Cross-reactivity analysis with rubella IgG antibody. The results of EPI Info software for statistical analysis. Results The positive rate of measles IgG antibody was 91.8%, and the lowest in Dongsheng District (78.1%) with floating population; the highest was 17-20 years old group, and the lowest was 13-16 years old group. The total positive rate of rubella antibody was 23.2%, increased with age, and the agricultural area was significantly lower than that of the pasturing area. Conclusion Measles and rubella epidemics are more likely to occur in areas with high population density and floating population. Strengthening measles surveillance, timely reporting of first-episode cases and serological diagnosis and classification, strengthening vaccination of floating population children, increasing immunization coverage and rapid universalization of rubella vaccine are key measures to control outbreaks or epidemics.