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针对公共交通与私家车出行方式并行的双模式交通系统,在考虑不同用户的时间价值情况下,通过引进可交易的道路许可证政策,建立了均衡出行交通模型.研究发现,许可证政策将拥挤产生的交通成本内部化,在缓解交通拥堵的同时,通过经济手段,降低了系统总成本.进一步地,本文证明如果汽车比公交快,那么时间价值较高的人会选择私家车出行;反之,如果公交比汽车快,时间价值相对较高的有车族会选择公交出行.通过与OD收费进行比较,我们得到在收费为正的情况下,许可证政策可以得到与基于OD收费相同的效果.最后,算例结果表明,许可证政策使得部分人选择公交出行的成本更低,达到鼓励公交出行的目的;甚至在许可证发放数量少于临界数量的情况下,选择公交出行的人会获得正收益.
Aiming at the dual-mode traffic system with public transport and private car traveling in parallel, an equilibrium traffic model is established by introducing tradable road permit policy considering the time value of different users. The study shows that the permit policy will be crowded The internalization of traffic costs can reduce the total cost of the system through economic measures while alleviating the traffic congestion.Furthermore, this paper proves that if the car is faster than the bus, people with higher time-value will choose private car to travel. On the contrary, If the bus is faster than the car, the car owners who have relatively high time-value will choose to travel by bus.By comparison with the OD fee, we get the same result as the OD-based fee when the charge is positive. Finally, the results show that the permit policy makes some people choose bus travel costs lower to achieve the purpose of encouraging bus travel; even when the number of permits issued is less than the critical number, people who choose bus travel will get positive income.