论文部分内容阅读
社区处遇(Community-based Treatment)是相对于机构性处遇(Instinutional Treatment)而言的一种未成年人违法犯罪处遇方式。社区处遇的通俗含义是把违法犯罪未成年人放置于社会,进行以科学主义和人道主义为基础的改造,使少年回归社会,适应社会的要求。社区处遇以其非机构性、非刑罚性及社会参与性而成为国际未成年人违法犯罪处遇的新思路。社区处遇的理论渊源是二十世纪世界性的刑法改革。即主要是以下一些新的刑事政策:(一)重视对犯罪人进行教育;(二)在刑法领域重视运用现代科学成果;(三)根据犯罪人的不同情况量刑的原则;(四)尽量减少使用刑罚。这些刑事政策首先在未成年人违法犯罪处遇方面得到全面的实现。一般说来,社区处遇是基于对传统机构性处遇(如少年院、少年监狱等)效能的反思而提出的一种新的处遇方式,它吸收了犯罪学、刑罚学、社会学和其他相关学科的最新研究成果。有关社区处遇的理论基础,美国学者威斯兰德(Paul MWhisenand)提出以下五点:(1)扩大人道主义处遇措施的运用;(2)增进受刑人重返正常社会的可能性;
Community-based treatment is a type of juvenile delinquency treatment that is relative to the Instinutional Treatment. The popular meaning of community treatment is to place juveniles in criminal offenses into society, carry out reforms based on scientism and humanitarianism, and bring juveniles back to the community and meet the requirements of the community. The community encounters with its non-institutional, non-punitive and social participation and become international minors new ways of thinking of crimes. The theoretical origins of the community experience are the worldwide reform of criminal law in the 20th century. Namely, mainly the following new criminal policies: (1) attaching importance to educating offenders; (2) attaching importance to the application of modern scientific results in the field of criminal law; (3) principles of sentencing on the basis of different circumstances of offenders; (4) minimizing Use penalty. These criminal policies are first and foremost fully realized in the area of minors’ crimes and delinquency. In general, community treatment is a new approach to treatment based on reflection on the effectiveness of traditional institutional affiliations (such as juvenile homes, juvenile prisons, etc.) that incorporates criminology, penal law, sociology and others Relevant disciplines of the latest research results. On the theoretical basis of the treatment of the community, the American scholar Paul MWhisenand proposed the following five points: (1) to expand the use of humanitarian measures; (2) to increase the possibility of returning prisoners to normal society;