在1858年中、英双方签订的《天津条约》中第11款提到“牛庄、登州、台湾、潮州、琼州等府城口,嗣后皆准英商亦可任意与无论任何人买卖,船货随时往来。至于听便居住、赁房、买屋,租地起造礼拜堂、医院、坟茔等事,并另有取益防损诸节,悉照已通商五口无异”。根据这一规定,牛庄等口岸成为通商口岸,在一般的历史教科 Section 11 of the “Tianjin Treaty” signed by Britain and China in 1858 mentions that “any city such as Niuzhuang, Dengzhou, Taiwan, Chaozhou, Qiongzhou and so forth can be arbitrarily and arbitrarily sold, As for the convenience of living, rent housing, buy a house, rented a house of worship, hospitals, tomb and other things, and otherwise benefit loss Prevention Festival, according to the business has been the same five ”. According to this regulation, ports such as Niu Zhuang became a trading port, in the general course of history