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20世纪的西方文论出现了以作品和读者为核心的众多文艺美学新流派,这些流派的出现彻底改变了20世纪西方文论的整体面貌和理论趋势,同时有这些流派无论其具体的理论有多大的差异,但都有一个共同的理论发源地,那就是俄国形式主义。因为从文艺学和美学发展史上看,正式从俄国形式主义开始,才出现了历史上第一个以探讨文学作品内在结构和及其组织规律为目的的文学理论与批评。本文从俄国形式主义的产生、基本理论与特征等方面对这一问题进行探讨。
The emergence of many schools of literary aesthetics in the 20th century, with the core of works and readers, has completely changed the overall appearance and theoretical trend of Western literary theory in the 20th century. At the same time, these schools, regardless of their specific theories How much difference, but there is a common origin of theory, that is, Russian formalism. For in the history of the development of literature and art and of aesthetics, formally began from Russian formalism, the first literary theory and criticism in history that aimed at exploring the inner structure of literary works and the law of its organization. This article explores this issue from the aspects of the birth, basic theory and characteristics of Russian formalism.