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2006年上海高考化学试题第30题是围绕“物质的量”设计的一道计算题,题目紧扣概念,重视化学过程,体现巧解巧算。本文对该题做以赏析。题目:合成氨工业生产中所用的α-Fe 催化剂的主要成分是 FeO 和 Fe_2O_3。(I)某 FeO、Fe_2O_3混合物中,铁、氧的物质的量之比为4:5,其中 Fe~(2+)与 Fe~(3+)的物质的量之比为____。(2)当催化剂中 Fe~(2+)与 Fe~(3+)的物质的量之比为1:2时,其催化活性最高,此时铁的氧化物混合物中铁的质量分数为____(用小数表示,保留2位小数)。(3)以 Fe_2O_3为原料制备上述催化剂,可向其中加入适量炭粉,发生如下反应:
2006 Shanghai Chemical Entrance Examination Question 30 is around the “material quantity” design of a calculation problem, the topic closely linked to the concept of chemical process, reflecting the clever solution. This article is done to appreciate the problem. Title: The main components of α-Fe catalysts used in industrial ammonia synthesis are FeO and Fe_2O_3. (I) The ratio of the amount of iron to oxygen in a certain FeO, Fe 2 O 3 mixture is 4: 5, and the ratio of the amount of Fe 2+ and Fe 3+ is ____. (2) When the ratio of Fe 2+ and Fe 3+ in the catalyst is 1: 2, the catalytic activity is the highest. At this time, the mass fraction of iron in the iron oxide mixture is ____ (Expressed in decimal, retaining two decimal places). (3) Fe_2O_3 as the raw material for the preparation of the catalyst can be added to the right amount of carbon powder, the following reaction occurs: