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频繁的海上溢油事故和工业含油污水的肆意排放严重破坏海洋生态平衡.因此,开发先进的除油材料迫在眉睫.石墨烯(G)及其衍生物氧化石墨烯(GO)因其具有高比表面积、低密度、高孔隙率、表面功能可调等优异的理化性质,在油水分离领域成为研究热点.为充分发挥其优势,近年来,将G或GO与聚合物复合制备成功能化G/聚合物或GO/聚合物纳米复合材料,因其具有良好的除油能力、优异的机械性能、价格低廉、形貌及表面化学组分可调等优势而越来越受到人们的青睐.目前已开发出气凝胶、泡沫、海绵、膜等具有三维结构的G/聚合物或GO/聚合物复合吸油剂和过滤膜.本文系统性地总结了从表面润湿理论到G/聚合物或GO/聚合物复合吸油材料和滤膜材料的最新研究进展.此外,重点归纳了近年来有关油品回收及吸油材料再生的方法策略.最后,提出该研究领域目前面临的挑战和未来研究方向,旨在为该领域的深入探索开辟新的视角.“,”Frequent oil spill accidents and the massive discharge of industrial oily sewage have destroyed the ecological balance and threatened marine life. Graphene (G) and graphene oxide (GO) have emerged as important materials in the field of oil/water sep-aration because of their remarkable physicochemical properties including high specific surface area, low density, high porosity and tailorable surface functionality. To take full advantage of G and GO, their incorporation with polymers to build functional G/poly-mer and GO/polymer composites has recently gained increasing popularity because of their improved oil clean-up capability, out-standing mechanical performance, relatively low cost and adjustable surface chemical composition. Tremendous efforts have contrib-uted to the development of G/polymer and GO/polymer composite oil clean-up sorbents and filtration membranes in 3D structural forms such as aerogels, foams, sponges and membranes. In this review, a comprehensive picture from the basic theory of the surface wettability to the recent advances in G/polymer and GO/polymer composite oil clean-up sorbents and filtration membranes are high-lighted. The strategies for oil recovery and regeneration of the sorbents are also summarized. Current challenges and future research directions in this topic are provided, aimed at providing new perspectives for in-depth exploration in this field.