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目的:探讨青少年女子武术选手运动训练期骨代谢的变化。方法:选取濮阳市体育运动学校青少年女子武术选手12名,年龄为14-17岁(运动组),停训3个月以上的青少年女子武术10名,年龄为15-17岁(对照组)。实验持续2个月,每周训练5天,每次训练1.5-2.5小时。运动训练的主要内容是慢跑、跳绳、武术基本功、青少年拳械规定套路和自选套路、对练等。采用体成分测定仪测定身高、体重、体脂肪率等指标;实验前后均对所有被试检测了血清钙离子、总蛋白、血清骨钙素、尿肌酐酸排出量、血钙及脱氧吡啶啉等生化指标。结果:1)运动组受试者的身高、瘦体重和腰围与对照组相比较,无显著性差异,然而运动组的体重、体脂和臀围与对照组相比较,非常显著性降低(P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.01);2)与对照组(9.7±0.3)mg/d L相比,运动组血清钙的浓度(8.6±0.4)mg/d L显著降低(P<0.01),运动组尿钙的浓度(102.7±33.6)mg/d虽比对照组(81.8±29.7)mg/d多,但两组之间无显著差异;3)与对照组相比,运动组骨吸收亢进而骨的形成呈下降趋势。结论:女子大学生艺术体操运动选手8周的训练期中,骨的吸收加强而抑制了骨的形成,导致骨量减少。运动组的骨吸收亢进可能与血清钙浓度下降有关。
Objective: To explore the changes of bone metabolism in young women’s martial arts athletes during the training phase. Methods: Twelve young female martial arts athletes from Puyang Sports School were selected. Ten young female martial arts athletes aged 14-17 (sports group) and more than three months old stopped training, aged 15-17 (control group). The experiment lasted two months, training five days a week, each training 1.5-2.5 hours. The main content of sports training is jogging, skipping, martial arts basic skills, juvenile boxing rules and routines routines, pairs and so on. Body height, body weight and body fat percentage were measured by body composition analyzer. Before and after the experiment, serum calcium, total protein, serum osteocalcin, urinary creatinine excretion, serum calcium and deoxypyridine Biochemical Indicators. Results: 1) There was no significant difference in body height, lean body mass and waist circumference between the exercise group and the control group, however, body weight, body fat and hip circumference in the exercise group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P (P <0.01, P <0.01); 2) Compared with the control group (9.7 ± 0.3) mg / d L, the serum calcium concentration in the exercise group was significantly lower than that in the control group ), Exercise group urinary calcium concentration (102.7 ± 33.6) mg / d than the control group (81.8 ± 29.7 mg / d more, but no significant difference between the two groups; 3) compared with the control group, exercise group of bone Hyperthyroidism and the formation of bone decreased. Conclusion: During the 8-week training period of female college gymnastics athletes, the absorption of bone strengthens and inhibits the formation of bone, resulting in the decrease of bone mass. Exercise group of bone resorption may be related to serum calcium concentration decreased.