如果说,独立战争的胜利使得美国儿童纷纷步入了小学,那么,南北战争的结束(1865年),则使得美国青少年大量涌入中学。在迄今为止的一百多年美国教育发展历程中,　美国中等教育的重大观念更新大都发生在本世纪下半叶,突出表现为如下诸多方面。 平等观在美国,教育机会均等的直接表 If the victory of the War of Independence resulted in the entry of American children into elementary schools, then the end of the Civil War (1865) caused a large influx of American youth into secondary school. In the course of more than one hundred years of educational development in the United States so far, the major renewal of American secondary education has occurred in the second half of the century, highlighting many aspects as follows. Equality in the United States, a direct table of equal educational opportunities