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目的分析社区居民慢性非传染性疾病(慢性病)及相关危险因素流行特征,加强重点人群慢性病的筛查和管理,降低和延缓并发症的发生,减少疾病对健康的危害,提高生活质量。方法 2015年1月至12月采用多阶段分层整群抽样的方法,随机抽取福州市鼓楼区18周岁及以上居民3 133人进行健康状况问卷调查、身体测量和实验室相关指标检测,对结果进行统计分析。结果共获得3 000份有效数据,其中男性1 475人,女性1 525人,福州市鼓楼区18周岁及以上居民的高血压患病率为24.37%,糖尿病患病率为7.03%,并且随年龄的增长而呈上升趋势;居于慢性病前3位的依次为高血压、糖尿病和冠心病;居民人均每日食盐摄入量超过6 g的达47.03%;高脂饮食者占56.77%;居民超重占30.80%,肥胖率为10.50%。结论应加大宣传健康生活方式,加强重点人群干预以及相关疾病的筛查和管理,降低和延缓并发症的发生,减少疾病对健康的危害,提高生活质量。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of chronic non-communicable diseases (chronic diseases) and related risk factors in community residents, strengthen the screening and management of chronic diseases in key populations, reduce and delay the occurrence of complications, reduce the health hazards of diseases and improve the quality of life. Methods From January to December 2015, a multistage stratified cluster sampling method was used to randomly select 3 133 residents aged 18 years and over in Gulou District of Fuzhou City for health survey, body measurement and laboratory related indexes. conduct statistical analysis. Results A total of 3 000 valid data were obtained, including 1 475 males and 1 525 females. The prevalence of hypertension among residents aged 18 years and above in Gulou district of Fuzhou was 24.37% and the prevalence of diabetes was 7.03% The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease among the top 3 chronic people was 47.03%. The per capita daily salt intake of residents was over 47.03%, the high fat diet accounted for 56.77%, the overweight of residents 30.80%, obesity rate was 10.50%. Conclusions Publicity of healthy lifestyles should be intensified, screening and management of key population interventions and related diseases should be strengthened to reduce and delay the occurrence of complications, reduce the health risks of diseases and improve the quality of life.