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目的:研究电磁脉冲(electromagnetic pulse,EMP)的生物学效应,为免受电磁辐射损伤提供新的研究靶点。方法:成年雄性SD大鼠随机分为四组:对照组、EMP照后1 h组、EMP照后6 h组、EMP照后24 h组。通过HE染色、ELISA和Western Blot实验方法,研究EMP(400 kv/m,200个脉冲)连续辐照3 d后在不同组大鼠大脑额叶皮层神经元的组织学变化、额叶皮层组织炎性因子-肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)以及NFκBp65的表达变化。结果:(1)HE染色结果显示:经EMP辐照6 h后,大脑额叶皮层内异常神经元数目增多,异常神经元细胞核边移,胞浆与细胞核深染。(2)ELISA结果显示:EMP辐照后,大脑额叶皮层内TNF-α水平随时间逐渐升高,于辐照后6 h尤为明显(P<0.05),24 h逐渐恢复至正常;IL-1β水平各实验组均较对照组明显升高,于辐照后1 h升高最为明显(P<0.05)。(3)Western Blot结果显示:经EMP辐照后,6 h组大脑额叶皮层内NFκBp65的表达明显增多,与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:电磁脉冲照射会引起大鼠大脑额叶皮层神经元损伤和炎性反应,其机制可能是通过诱导NFκB活化,启动炎性反应,进而导致大脑额叶皮层神经元损伤。
Objective: To study the biological effects of electromagnetic pulse (EMP) and to provide a new research target for preventing electromagnetic radiation damage. Methods: Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group, 1 h EMP group, 6 h EMP group and 24 h EMP group. HE staining, ELISA and Western Blot experimental methods to study EMP (400 kv / m, 200 pulses) after 3 consecutive days of irradiation in different groups of rat cerebral cortex neurons in the histological changes, frontal cortex tissue inflammation The expression of TNF - α, IL - 1β and NFκBp65 were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results: (1) The results of HE staining showed that the number of abnormal neurons in the frontal cortex of the brain increased after irradiation with EMP for 6 h, the nuclear shift of the abnormal neurons and the deep staining of cytoplasm and nucleus. (2) The results of ELISA showed that the levels of TNF-α in the frontal cortex increased gradually with time after EMP irradiation, especially at 6 h after irradiation (P <0.05), and gradually returned to normal after 24 h. IL- 1β levels of each experimental group were significantly higher than the control group, 1 h after irradiation, the most obvious increase (P <0.05). (3) The results of Western Blot showed that the expression of NFκBp65 in the frontal cortex of 6 h group was significantly increased after EMP irradiation compared with the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion: Electromagnetic pulse irradiation can cause neuronal damage and inflammatory response in the frontal cortex of rats. The mechanism may be through activating NFκB activation and initiating inflammatory response, leading to neuronal damage in the frontal cortex.