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目的探讨内镜下碘染色对早期食管癌及癌前病变的诊断价值。方法将内镜下有可疑食管病变的220例患者随机分为染色组和对照组各110例。用Lugol液对染色组进行食管黏膜染色检查,并对不染色和浅染色区进行病理活检。对照组不行Lugol液染色,仅根据临床经验进行病理活检。结果染色组不着色或浅着色69例(62.7%),活检发现食管癌14例(12.7%),其中早期食管癌3例,鳞状上皮异型增生9例(8.1%);对照组110例活检发现食管癌2例(1.8%),轻中度异型增生4例(3.6%)。两组食管癌诊断率的差异有统计学意义。结论内镜下碘染色能减少食管黏膜活检误差,提高食管癌诊断率,有助于发现早期食管癌及其癌前病变。
Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of endoscopic iodine staining in early esophageal cancer and precancerous lesions. Methods A total of 220 patients with suspicious esophageal lesions under endoscopy were randomly divided into two groups (n = 110) and the control group (n = 110). Esophageal mucosa staining was performed on the staining group with Lugol solution, and biopsy was performed on the unstained and light-stained areas. The control group was not treated with Lugol staining, and pathological biopsy was performed based on clinical experience only. Results In the staining group, 69 cases (62.7%) were non-colored or light-colored, 14 cases (12.7%) had esophageal cancer by biopsy, including 3 cases of early esophageal cancer and 9 cases of squamous dysplasia (8.1%); 110 cases of biopsy Esophageal cancer found in 2 cases (1.8%), mild to moderate dysplasia in 4 cases (3.6%). The difference between the two groups in the diagnosis of esophageal cancer was statistically significant. Conclusion Endoscopic iodine staining can reduce the biopsy error of esophageal mucosa, improve the diagnostic rate of esophageal cancer, and help to find early esophageal cancer and precancerous lesions.