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为解决水资源配置系统中的不确定性和层次性问题,开发出具有层次关系的双层优化模型,其中以经济效益为上层目标,配水量为下层目标。将所开发的双层优化模型应用于北京市大兴区的水资源配置系统,并运用模糊满意度算法和Lingo软件对模型进行求解。双层优化结果表明,2016、2021、2026年该地区水资源配置系统的经济效益分别达到5.28×10~8、7.42×10~8、8.42×10~8元,配水总量分别达到21 923×10~4、24 768×10~4、26 817×10~4 m~3,相应的COD排放量分别为4 199.2、4 700.3、4 649.1t;其次,82%的水量来源于地表水和南水北调水源。对比双层优化结果与两个单目标优化结果,可为决策者提供不同情景下的优化方案,并为决策者制定水资源配置方案提供决策支持。
In order to solve the problem of uncertainty and hierarchy in water resources allocation system, a two-tier optimization model with hierarchical relationship was developed. Among which, economic benefit was the upper goal and water distribution was the lower goal. The developed two-layer optimization model is applied to the water resource allocation system in Daxing District, Beijing, and the fuzzy satisfaction algorithm and Lingo software are used to solve the model. The results of two-tier optimization show that the economic benefits of the water resources allocation system in the region in 2016, 2021 and 2026 are respectively 5.28 × 10-8, 7.42 × 10-8, 8.42 × 10-8 yuan, and the total water allocation reaches 21 923 × 10 ~ 4,24 768 × 10 ~ 4,26 817 × 10 ~ 4 m ~ 3, corresponding COD emissions were 4 199.2, 4 700.3 and 4 649.1 t respectively. Secondly, 82% of the water came from surface water and South-North Water Diversion Project Water source. Comparing the double-layer optimization results with two single-objective optimization results, it can provide decision-makers with optimized solutions in different scenarios and provide decision-making support for decision-makers to formulate water resources allocation schemes.