黑热病是杜利什曼原虫引起的以白蛉为传播媒介,以人、犬共患为特点的虫媒传染病。20世纪50年代,黑热病流行波及18个省(市、区)的525个县,全国约有病人53万人,后经过大规模防治,1958年我国宣布基本消灭黑热病。但中西部地区自60年代至今,新病例不断出现。目前,全国仍有7个省(区) Kala-azar is caused by Leishmania Leucoides white as a vector, human and dog comorbid characteristics of the vector-borne diseases. In the 1950s, the spread of kala-azar spread to 525 counties in 18 provinces (cities and districts). About 530,000 people nationwide were affected by the epidemic. After large-scale prevention and control, in 1958, China declared that it basically eliminated kala-azar. However, in the central and western regions, new cases have emerged since the 1960s. At present, there are still seven provinces (autonomous regions)