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目的了解防城港市突发公共卫生事件的流行病学特征,为今后制定预防、控制及采取有效处理措施提供科学依据。方法对防城港市2005—2012年通过国家突发公共卫生事件信息管理系统报告的突发公共卫生事件进行描述流行病学分析。结果 2005—2012年防城港市共报告突发公共卫生事件27起,其中较大2起,一般7起,未分级18起;传染病暴发疫情22起,食物中毒3起,其他中毒2起;中毒事件病死率较高(4.17%);9月为发病高峰;患者主要为学生,其次是散居儿童和托幼儿童;事件主要场所为学校,中小学校17起,托幼机构2起,其他8起。学校传染病以呼吸道传染病疫情为主,肠道传染病次之。结论呼吸道传染病疫情和中毒事件是防城港市的主要突发公共卫生事件,学校是事件发生的重点场所,学生是事件发生和防控的重点人群,各级政府和卫生、教育部门要加强对学校疫情防控的重视和管理,有关部门必须落实相应预防和控制措施,控制突发公共卫生事件的发生。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of public health emergencies in Fangchenggang city and to provide a scientific basis for future prevention, control and effective measures to be taken. Methods Epidemiological analysis of public health emergencies reported by the National Public Health Emergency Management Information System in Fangchenggang from 2005 to 2012 was conducted. Results A total of 27 public health emergencies were reported in Fangchenggang city from 2005 to 2012, of which 2 were larger, 7 were general and 18 were not graded. Outbreaks of infectious diseases were 22, 3 were food poisoning and 2 were other poisonings. Poisoning The incidence of cases was higher (4.17%); the peak was in September; the patients were mainly students, followed by scattered children and kindergarten children; the main places were schools, 17 primary and secondary schools, 2 kindergartens and 8 others . Infectious diseases of the school are mainly epidemic of respiratory infectious diseases, followed by intestinal infectious diseases. Conclusions The epidemic and poisoning of respiratory infectious diseases are the major public health emergencies in Fangchenggang City. Schools are the key places for the occurrence of the incidents. Students are the key people in the incident and prevention and control. Governments at all levels and the health and education departments should strengthen the education of schools The prevention and control of the outbreak and the management of attention, the relevant departments must implement the appropriate prevention and control measures to control the occurrence of public health emergencies.