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腺病毒以其具有的诸多优点被广泛应用于肿瘤基因治疗中.但由于腺病毒载体在体内存在感染效率低、免疫原性强等缺点,限制了其在临床中的作用.为了解决这些问题,研究人员制定了一系列改造腺病毒载体的策略.如通过对纤毛蛋白的改造来增强腺病毒载体感染肿瘤细胞的能力;对六邻体蛋白的改造和对病毒衣壳进行聚乙二醇化处理使得腺病毒载体能够逃逸人体的免疫识别.此外,为了增强腺病毒载体对肿瘤细胞的靶向性和杀伤效力,人们也对病毒载体的基因组进行了富有成效的改造.值得注意的是,肿瘤趋向性细胞载体的研究,为腺病毒介导的肿瘤基因治疗系统提供了一种全新的策略.因此,如何能有机地结合多项改造策略,最大限度地提高腺病毒载体在今后临床应用中的高效性、安全性将是未来研究的重点.本文针对最近肿瘤基因治疗中腺病毒载体改造取得的一些进展做一概述和讨论.
Adenovirus is widely used in tumor gene therapy because of its many advantages. However, adenovirus vectors have the disadvantages of low infection efficiency and strong immunogenicity in vivo, which limits their role in the clinic. To solve these problems, The researchers developed a series of strategies for the modification of adenoviral vectors. For example, the ability of adenoviral vectors to infect tumor cells was enhanced by the modification of cilia proteins; modification of hexon proteins and pegylation of viral capsids were performed. Adenoviral vectors can escape from the body’s immune recognition. In addition, in order to enhance the targeting and killing efficacy of adenovirus vectors to tumor cells, people have also carried out fruitful transformations of the viral vector genome. It is worth noting that tumor tropism The study of cell carriers provides a brand-new strategy for adenovirus-mediated tumor gene therapy systems. Therefore, how can organically combine multiple transformation strategies to maximize the efficiency of adenovirus vectors in clinical applications in the future? , security will be the focus of future research. This article aims at the recent transformation of adenovirus vectors in tumor gene therapy. Some progress is outlined and discussed.