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目的了解融水县乙型病毒性肝炎(简称“乙肝”)流行特征,为预防和控制乙肝提供依据。方法用描述性流行病学方法对2006~2015年融水县乙肝疫情资料进行分析。结果 2006~2015年融水县报告乙肝病例2 604例,年均发病率为52.25/10万,发病率最高为109.41/10万,最低为25.20/10万(P<0.01)。融水镇、和睦镇、永乐镇发病率相对较高,分别为108.54/10万、88.67/10万、65.96/10万;男性乙肝报告发病率(66.95/10万)高于女性(36.03/10万)(P<0.01);乙肝病例以15~49岁人群为主,共报告1 890例,占发病总数72.58%,≤14岁儿童发病例数呈逐年下降趋势(从2006年的62例下降到2015年的0例)。结论近10年来融水县乙肝发病率呈下降趋势;≤14岁儿童病例显著减少,应巩固儿童乙肝疫苗接种,采取综合防控措施,扩大成人乙肝疫苗接种,控制乙肝疫情。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B virus in Rongshui County (referred to as “hepatitis B”) for providing evidences for the prevention and control of hepatitis B. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological data of hepatitis B in Rongshui County from 2006 to 2015. Results A total of 2 604 hepatitis B cases were reported in Rongshui County from 2006 to 2015, with an average annual incidence rate of 52.25 / 100 000. The highest incidence rate was 109.41 / 100,000 and the lowest was 25.20 / 100,000 (P <0.01). The prevalence of Hepatitis B, Hemu Town and Yongle was 108.54 / 100000, 88.67 / 100000 and 65.96 / 100000, respectively. The incidence of Hepatitis B in male was higher than that of female (36.03 / 10) (P <0.01). Hepatitis B cases were mainly from 15 to 49 years old, a total of 1 890 cases were reported, accounting for 72.58% of the total cases. The incidence of children less than 14 years old decreased year by year (from 62 cases in 2006 0 cases by 2015). Conclusions The incidence of hepatitis B in Rongshui County has been declining in recent 10 years. Cases of children ≤14 years of age have been significantly reduced. Hepatitis B vaccination should be strengthened in children. Comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken to expand adult hepatitis B vaccination and control the epidemic of hepatitis B.