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现代社会中,教育匹配已成为婚姻关系建构的重要原则,其影响已超过传统婚姻文化中的“门当户对”。夫妻教育匹配程度提高是否有助于改善婚姻质量、促进婚姻关系的和谐稳定?针对这一问题,文章使用1990-2010年中国妇女社会地位调查数据,考察了20世纪末以来中国已婚夫妇的教育匹配特征对婚姻关系和谐状况的影响。研究发现,夫妻受教育程度相当有助于双方对婚姻关系形成比较一致的认识。与之相比,夫妻受教育程度不同对双方感知的婚姻和谐性具有不同的影响。受教育程度较高的一方认为其婚姻不和谐的可能性增大,其自报夫妻融洽的可能性较低、表示遭受过婚内暴力的可能性显著更高;受教育程度较低的一方则相反。这种差异性可能不同程度地影响异质婚中男女双方的婚姻效用。因此,理解和推动整个社会婚姻关系稳定与健康发展,应当正视不同教育匹配现象对婚姻质量的影响。
In modern society, education matching has become an important principle in the construction of marriage relations, and its influence has surpassed that of traditional marriage culture. In order to improve the quality of marriage and to promote the harmonious and stable marriage relationship, this article uses the survey data of Chinese women’s social status from 1990 to 2010 to examine the educational match between Chinese married couples since the late 20th century The Impact of Features on the Harmonious Relationship in Marriage. The study found that the education level of couples is quite helpful for both parties to get a more consistent understanding of marital relations. In contrast, the different educational levels of couples have different influences on the marital harmony perceived by both parties. Those with higher levels of education considered their marital discord more likely, reported lower self-reported marital status as being significantly more likely to have been subjected to marital violence, and less-educated in contrast. This difference may affect, to varying degrees, the marital utility of both sexes in heterogeneous marriage. Therefore, to understand and promote the stable and healthy development of the marital relations in the entire society, we should face the impact of different educational matches on the quality of marriage.