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黄曲霉素为分子真菌毒素,是一种剧毒物和强致癌物质。我国规定大米、食用油中黄曲霉毒素允许量标准为10μg/kg,其他粮食、豆类及发酵食品为5μg/kg。黄曲霉素主要存在于被黄曲霉素污染过的粮食、油及其制品中,若长期摄入含有黄曲霉素的食物可以诱发各种癌症[1]。黄曲霉素的检测对粮油食品的安全具有重要的意义。文章描述了国内外酶联免疫法、高效液相色谱法、免疫亲和柱和荧光光度法、免疫胶体金检测法等常见的黄曲霉素检测方法,并进行了比较及分析。
Aflatoxin is a molecular mycotoxin that is a highly virulent and carcinogenic substance. China stipulates that the allowable amount of aflatoxin in rice and edible oil should be 10μg / kg, and the other food, beans and fermented foods should be 5μg / kg. Aflatoxin is mainly present in foods, oils and their products contaminated with aflatoxin, and can cause various types of cancer if aflatoxin-containing foods are consumed for a long time [1]. Aflatoxin detection of grain and oil food safety is of great significance. The article described the common methods of aflatoxin detection, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), immunoaffinity column and fluorescence spectrophotometry, immunogold detection method and so on, and compared and analyzed.