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流行性感冒一直是威胁人类公共卫生健康,导致人类死亡的重要病因之一。预防流感最有效的措施是接种流感疫苗。然而现用流感疫苗的保护效果严格受到疫苗株与病毒流行株表面抗原匹配程度的影响,难以有效应对因病毒发生抗原漂移或抗原转换而产生的无法预料的流行或大流行。研发能够诱导广谱免疫反应的通用流感疫苗已经成为流感疫苗研发的重要趋势。本文简述了基于保守蛋白:基质蛋白、核蛋白、血凝素蛋白保守区域等蛋白的通用流感疫苗研究进展。
Influenza has always been one of the important causes that threaten the public health of human beings and cause human death. The most effective way to prevent flu is to get a flu vaccine. However, the protective effect of the current influenza vaccine is severely affected by the degree of matching of the surface antigens between the vaccine strain and the virus-endemic strain, and it is difficult to effectively cope with the unpredictable epidemic or pandemic caused by antigen excursion or antigen conversion of the virus. The development of a universal influenza vaccine that can induce a broad spectrum of immune responses has become an important trend in the development of influenza vaccines. This article summarizes the research progress of the universal influenza vaccine based on the proteins of conserved proteins: matrix protein, nucleoprotein and hemagglutinin conserved region.