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目的 对纤维支气管镜 (纤支镜 )介导下高压球囊扩张气道成形治疗良性近端气道狭窄的疗效和安全性进行评价。方法 对 37例不同原因造成的不同部位近端气道的良性狭窄患者 ,实施纤支镜介导下高压球囊扩张气道成形术 ,分别于术前和最后一次球囊扩张术后的当天 ,对患者狭窄段的气道直径、气促评分和一秒钟用力呼吸容积 (FEV1 )进行测定并对其并发症的发生情况进行评价。对所有患者均进行了 4～ 2 8个月 (平均 1 4 6个月 )的随访。结果 37例良性近端气道狭窄的患者分别接受高压球囊扩张 1～ 6次 ,平均接受球囊扩张 (2 4± 1 1 )次。经过高压球囊扩张气道成形术后 ,狭窄段气管、支气管管径明显增大 ,即刻疗效达 1 0 0 %。狭窄段气道直径由扩张前的 (2 6± 1 2 )mm增加到 (6 9± 1 8)mm(P <0 0 1 )。气促评分亦由术前的 2 0± 0 8减少到 0 7± 0 6(P <0 0 1 )。 37例患者中有 2 6例分别于术前及术后进行了FEV1 的测定 ,2 6例患者的术前平均FEV1 为 (1 3± 0 6)L ,经球囊扩张治疗后升至 (1 8± 1 0 )L(P <0 0 1 )。经过 4～ 2 8个月的随访 ,远期疗效达 89% (33/ 37)。其中有 4例患者因肉芽组织过度增生或气管支气管软化而接受了微波、氩气刀或支架植入等联合治疗。37例接受此方法治疗的患?
Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of bronchofibroscopy (bronchofibroscope) -mediated high-pressure balloon dilation airway for the treatment of benign proximal airway stenosis. Methods Thirty-seven patients with benign stenosis of proximal airway caused by different causes underwent balloon-assisted balloon-assisted airway hyperplasia under bronchoscopy. On the day before and after the last balloon dilation, The airway diameter, shortness of breath, and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) of the stenosed segment of the patient were measured and their complications were evaluated. All patients were followed up for 4 to 28 months (an average of 146 months). Results Thirty-seven patients with benign proximal airway stenosis underwent balloon dilatation 1 ~ 6 times and balloon dilation 24 ± 1 1 times on average. After high-pressure balloon dilation airway surgery, tracheal and bronchial diameter increased significantly, the immediate effect of up to 100%. The diameter of the narrow airway increased from (26 ± 1 2) mm before dilatation to (69 ± 1 8) mm (P 0 01). Shortness of breath score also decreased from 20 ± 0 8 preoperatively to 0 7 ± 0 6 (P <0.01). Preoperative FEV1 was measured in 26 of 37 patients before and after surgery. Preoperative mean FEV1 was (13 ± 0.6) L in 26 patients and increased to (1) after balloon dilation 8 ± 1 0) L (P <0 0 1). After 4 ~ 28 months of follow-up, long-term efficacy of 89% (33/37). Among them, 4 patients received combined treatment of microwave, argon knife or stent implantation due to hyperplasia of granulation tissue or bronchoconstriction of the trachea. 37 patients treated by this method?