中国古代的士大夫,从先秦起,便有了两种占主导地位的价值取向:一是北方型的知识分子如孔子、墨子,生当“天下滔滔”之时,却顽强地“知其不可为而为之”;凡事只问该不该做,不必问有没有实际效果,‘君子之仕也,行其义也。道之不行,已知之矣。“(《论语·微子》)因而他们终身救焚拯溺,从未懈怠。一是老子、庄子、接舆、长沮等南方型的知识分子,”南方之人,以长于思辨而短于实 In ancient China, the scholar-officials had two predominant values ​​since the early Qin dynasty: the first is that northern intellectuals such as Confucius, Mozi, Know that it can not be done “; Everything just ask should not do, do not have to ask there is no practical effect, ’gentleman’s official also, the line of righteousness too. Road not, known to carry on. ”(“ The Analects of Confucius ”) Therefore, they lifelong salvation life-saving, never slack.First, Laozi, Zhuangzi, Jieyu, Chang Ju and other southern-style intellectuals, " southern people, Shorter than real