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扼要介绍了卫星高光谱红外大气遥感的原理,气体组分探测技术、反演技术和研究应用的发展历程,着重介绍了该技术在地震监测中的研究应用。遥感气体地球化学在地震监测方面的应用大致可以分为间接观测和直接观测2个方面:1利用卫星红外遥感间接监测地震断裂带脱气;2利用卫星探测大气成分的传感器直接监测地震前后的气体地球化学异常。通过分析地下气体逸散引起的物理化学异常与地震活动的关系,提取地震气体地球化学信息。介绍了典型震例的气体地球化学异常特征及其可能的形成机理,提出了存在的问题以及未来的研究重点。
The principle of satellite hyperspectral infrared remote sensing of atmosphere, the detection of gas components, the development of inversion technology and research application are briefly introduced. The research and application of this technology in seismic monitoring are introduced emphatically. The application of remote sensing gas geochemistry in seismic monitoring can be divided into indirect observation and direct observation in two aspects: 1 Indirect monitoring of seismic fault zone degassing by satellite infrared remote sensing; 2 Monitoring of gas before and after earthquakes directly by sensors of satellite sounding composition Geochemical anomalies. The geochemical information of seismic gas is extracted by analyzing the relationship between the physical and chemical anomalies caused by the escape of underground gas and the seismic activity. The characteristics of gas geochemical anomalies of typical earthquake cases and their possible formation mechanism are introduced. The existing problems and future research focuses are put forward.