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目的了解社区2型糖尿病患者相关知识水平,分析其影响因素,为制定有针对性的健康教育方案提供依据。方法于2014年11月采用随机数字表法,随机抽取“社区卫生服务信息系统”中150例2型糖尿病患者为调查对象,采用“糖尿病知识量表”进行问卷调查,计算得分率(实际得分/最高可能得分×100%),并依次分为高(得分率≥80%)、中(60%≤得分率<80%)、低(得分率<60%)3个知识水平等级,运用χ2检验、方差分析和logistic回归模型分析2型糖尿病患者的知识水平状况及其影响因素。结果减少并发症的危险、足部护理、锻炼、病情变化、饮食、低血糖、治疗和吸烟饮酒8个维度内容的知识得分率分别为78.27%、63.42%、31.33%、72.40%、54.32%、57.36%、49.78%和37.82%。患者总体知识掌握度属低水平的占38.67%,中等水平的占44.00%,高水平的占17.33%。logistic回归分析结果显示,能够主动寻求糖尿病知识(OR=4.83)、加入糖尿病俱乐部(OR=4.80)、有糖尿病家族史(OR=2.86)的患者知识水平相对较高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论应进一步提高社区医生的医疗服务水平,为患者提供具体、有针对性、个体化的健康指导,同时推广形式多样的患者俱乐部活动,拓展宣教对象范围,加强宣传教育,强化患者自我管理能力,提升全民防控糖尿病意识。
Objective To understand the related knowledge of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in community and analyze its influencing factors so as to provide a basis for formulating targeted health education programs. Methods In November 2014, 150 randomized type 2 diabetic patients in “Community Health Service Information System” were randomly selected for the survey by random number table method. The “Diabetes Knowledge Scale” was used to conduct questionnaire survey to calculate the score rate (Actual score / maximum possible score × 100%) and divided into high (score ≥ 80%), middle (60% ≤ score <80%) and low (score <60%) 3 levels of knowledge , The use of χ2 test, analysis of variance and logistic regression model analysis of type 2 diabetes knowledge level and its influencing factors. Results The knowledge-score rates of reducing the risk of complications, foot care, exercise, condition changes, diet, hypoglycemia, treatment and smoking and drinking were 78.27%, 63.42%, 31.33%, 72.40% and 54.32% 57.36%, 49.78% and 37.82% respectively. The total knowledge of patients with low level accounted for 38.67%, 44.00% of the middle level, high level accounted for 17.33%. Logistic regression analysis showed that the knowledge level of patients with diabetes family history (OR = 2.86) was higher than that of those with diabetes (OR = 4.83), diabetic patients (OR = 4.83) P <0.01). Conclusion The medical services of community doctors should be further improved to provide specific, targeted and individualized health guidance to patients. At the same time, diversified patient club activities should be promoted to expand the scope of publicity and education, to strengthen publicity and education and to strengthen patient self-management skills. Enhance universal prevention and control of diabetes awareness.