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中国多年来的对外开放政策使得外商直接投资在国内经济发展中的作用日益凸显,然而自身发展的结构性调整和外部减排压力要求我们理清其对碳生产率的影响。文章首先对2000~2012年中国各省区的碳生产率水平进行了测算,在此基础上对碳生产率的空间相关性进行了分析,结果显示中国各省区碳生产率存在显著的空间自相关。进一步的空间面板Durbin模型研究表明,外商直接投资对碳生产率的影响表现出“污染天堂”和“污染光环”两种截然相反的效应,即外商直接投资显著提升了区域内碳生产率,却对邻近地区碳生产率的提升产生了负向效应。地区层面的研究结果也各有差异,外商直接投资对总体碳生产率的提升效应主要来自西部地区的贡献。
China’s policy of opening up to the outside world has made foreign direct investment increasingly prominent in the domestic economic development. However, the structural adjustment of its own development and the pressure of external emission reduction require us to clarify its impact on carbon productivity. The paper first estimates the level of carbon productivity in all provinces and autonomous regions in China from 2000 to 2012. Based on this, the spatial correlation of carbon productivity is analyzed. The results show that there is a significant spatial autocorrelation between carbon productivity in all provinces in China. Further studies on the Durbin model of space panels show that the impact of FDI on carbon productivity shows the diametrically opposite effects of “pollution paradise” and “pollution aura”, ie FDI significantly improves the intra-region carbon productivity , But it has a negative effect on the improvement of carbon productivity in the neighboring areas. Results at the regional level are also different, and the effect of FDI on the overall carbon productivity is mainly derived from the contribution of the western region.