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斯金纳是美国行为主义学派的代表人物,强化理论是其理论的基础和最重要的组成部分。强化理论不仅有重要的理论意义,而且还具有重要的实践指导意义。具体到特殊教育的运用,主要包括程序教学、奖励机制、行为塑造和矫正等方面。本文通过实例具体阐述了强化理论的相关运用及在运用强化原理时应注意的几点原则,即注意强化的一致性原则、及时性原则和效能性原则。
Skinner is the representative of the American behaviorism school, and strengthening theory is the basis and the most important part of his theory. Strengthening theory not only has important theoretical significance, but also has important practical significance. Specific to the use of special education, including program teaching, incentive mechanisms, behavior shaping and correction and so on. This article concretely expounds the relevant application of strengthening theory and some principles that should be paid attention to when using the strengthening principle, that is, paying attention to the principle of consistency, timeliness and efficiency of strengthening.