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在汉语中,趋向动词用作方向词现象具有一定的普遍性,但其相关研究却近乎空白。本文从普通话、方言、历代汉语三个角度,对趋向动词用作方向词现象在汉语中的分布与起源及其背后的语言机制进行了探讨。我们发现趋向动词用作方向词现象在普通话中的接受度、在方言中的分布与在古代汉语中的发展均遵循相似的序列,并从认知语言学的角度对其机制进行了解释。
In Chinese, the tendency verbs used as directional words have a certain universality, but their related research is almost blank. This paper discusses the distribution and origin of directional verbs used as directional words in Chinese and the linguistic mechanisms behind them from the perspectives of Mandarin, dialects and ancient Chinese. We find that the receptiveness of directional verbs as directional words in Putonghua, the distribution in dialects, and the development in ancient Chinese follow a similar sequence and explain the mechanism from the perspective of cognitive linguistics.