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目的:分析山东省城乡家庭收入支出、卫生服务需求满足程度及卫生支付能力差异。方法:运用扩展线性支出模型对所调查的12 006户城乡家庭的基本消费支出及边际消费倾向、卫生支付能力进行分析。结果:城乡家庭在收入、消费支出、医药卫生支出、卫生服务需求满足程度、卫生支付能力等方面均存在显著差异;城乡家庭的基本医药卫生服务需求未得到满足。收入是影响农村家庭支出及支付能力的重要原因。结论:应重点提高农村家庭的收入水平,今后整合城乡居民医保制度设计时应注意城乡家庭收入及卫生支出负担及支付能力差异,适当提高对农村家庭的医保筹资补助和住院门诊补偿。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the household income and expenditure, the degree of satisfaction with health service demand and the ability of health payment in Shandong Province. Methods: An extended linear expenditure model was used to analyze the basic consumption expenditures, marginal propensity to consume and health affordability of 12 006 urban and rural households surveyed. Results: Households in urban and rural areas showed significant differences in terms of income, consumption expenditure, expenditure on medical and health services, degree of satisfaction with demand for health services, and ability to pay for health. The demand for basic medical and health services in urban and rural families was not met. Income is an important factor affecting rural household spending and ability to pay. Conclusion: We should focus on raising the income level of rural families. In the future, we should pay attention to the difference between urban and rural household income and health expenditure burden and affordability in the design of urban and rural residents’ health insurance system, and appropriately raise the subsidies for Medicare financing and outpatient outpatient compensation for rural families.