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土地资源评价是小流域综合治理规划中一项十分重要的前期工程；也是一项相当复杂的工作。小流域综合治理的根本目的在于最大限度地发挥土地资源的潜在生产能力，以创造更多效益。因此，评价土地生产力及其适宜性程度，成为土地资源评价的核心．而如何将这些指标数量化？又成为土地资源评价的棘手的问题。同时也是农、林、水、水土保持及其他有关行业科学工作者所探讨和追求的问题。本文以江西省东乡县王禾丘小流域为例，对构成土地生产能力的各个要素，例如，土层厚度、土壤质地、有机质含量、酸碱度及地块所处坡度等，给予适当的数字指数，并最终以综合指数表示。作者通过在该流域大量的野外工作，并结合多年来本地区生产水平实际资料分析，认为用土地资源综合指数指标来表达土地资源的潜在生产力是客观的。综合指数大于４的土地，其生产能力较高；综合指数小于３的土地，其生产能力较低下。
Land resource assessment is a very important preliminary project in the comprehensive management of small watersheds. It is also a rather complicated task. The fundamental purpose of comprehensive management of small watersheds is to maximize the potential productive capacity of land resources so as to create more benefits. Therefore, the evaluation of land productivity and its suitability become the core of land resources assessment. How to quantify these indicators? And land resources evaluation has become a thorny issue. It is also a question that agriculture, forestry, water, soil and water conservation, and other scientific workers in the relevant industries have discussed and pursued. In this paper, taking Wangheqiu small watershed in Dongxiang County of Jiangxi Province as an example, the appropriate numerical indices are given to the various elements that make up the land productivity, for example, soil thickness, soil texture, organic matter content, pH and the slope where the plot is located Finally, the composite index said. By analyzing a large amount of field work in this basin and combining with actual data of production levels in the region over the years, the author believes that it is objective to express the potential productivity of land resources by using the comprehensive index of land resources. Lands with a composite index greater than 4 have higher production capacity; land with a composite index of less than 3 has lower production capacity.