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抗生物素蛋白(Avidin)是与生物素(Biotin)有极强亲和性的一种糖蛋白。自七十年代末起,抗生物素蛋白—生物素系统(ABS)开始引入酶联免疫、放射免疫和荧光免疫等检测技术中,改善了这些方法的稳定性和特异性,大大提高了方法的灵敏度,为微量抗原和抗体的检测开辟了新途径,日益受到国内外免疫学工作者的普遍重视。抗生物素蛋白是由鸡、鸟、蜥蜴等动物输卵管中分泌的一种硷性糖蛋白,鸡蛋中含量比较丰富,占总蛋白的0.05%。早在1927年,Boas用生鸡蛋清饲养大白鼠,结果引起了大鼠皮炎。1936年,Kogl从鸡蛋黄中分离出一种小分子物质,因能促进培养液中酵母菌的生长,故取名为酵母菌生长因子。1939年,Gyngy证明这种因子能治疗喂饲蛋清引起的大鼠皮炎,又将其改名为
Avidin is a glycoprotein with strong affinity for Biotin. Since the late seventies, the introduction of the avidin-biotin system (ABS) into detection technologies such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, radioimmunoassay and fluorescence immunoassay has improved the stability and specificity of these methods and greatly enhanced the Sensitivity, detection of trace antigens and antibodies has opened up new avenues, increasingly widespread attention by immunology workers at home and abroad. Avidin is an alkaline glycoprotein secreted by fallopian tubes of chickens, birds, lizards and other animals. The content of avian egg is relatively abundant, accounting for 0.05% of the total protein. As early as 1927, Boas raised rats with raw egg white, resulting in rat dermatitis. In 1936, Kogl isolated from the egg yolk a small molecule, because it can promote the growth of yeast culture medium, it is named yeast growth factor. In 1939, Gyngy proved that this factor can treat rat dermatitis caused by feeding egg white, and renamed it