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改革开放以来,山东经济增长主要依赖投资拉动来实现,消费率偏低且持续下降。2009年在扩大内需政策的引导下,消费对经济增长的拉动作用明显增强,但仍然改变不了广大居民特别是农村居民消费不足的局面。山东省消费不足的重要制度性原因是支撑大众消费模式的社会保障制度失效,结构性原因是在社会贫富差距不断拉大的背景下“中等收入阶层”的弱小,农民的收入长期处于与大众消费模式不相称的低水平状态。应以富民政策为中心,以体制创新和政调整来创造山东省提升消费扩大内需的条件。可以采取的政策措施为加大收入分配制度改革的力度,有步骤提高劳动报酬在国民收入中所占比重,有效缩小贫富差距,提升工农大众的消费水平;健全社会保障制度,改善消费预期;促进农民增收,扩大农民消费需求;税收减免和降低行政管理费;提高劳动力素质,提升劳动者谈判地位。
Since the reform and opening up, Shandong’s economic growth mainly relies on investment-driven realizations, with low and declining consumer prices. Under the guidance of the policy of expanding domestic demand in 2009, the stimulus effect of consumption on economic growth is obviously enhanced, but it still can not change the situation of the under-consumption of vast numbers of residents, especially rural residents. The main reason for the lack of consumption in Shandong Province is the failure of the social security system that supports the mass consumption pattern. The structural reason is the weakness of the “middle-income class” in the context of ever-widening gap between the rich and the poor and the long-term Low-level state that is not commensurate with the mass consumption pattern. Focusing on the policy of enriching the people should be based on institutional innovation and political restructuring to create the conditions for Shandong Province to increase consumption and expand domestic demand. The policy measures that can be taken are to intensify the reform of the income distribution system, step up the proportion of labor remuneration in the national income, effectively narrow the gap between the rich and the poor, and raise the consumption level of the workers and peasants; improve the social security system and improve consumer expectations; Promote peasants to increase income, expand peasant consumer demand; tax relief and reduce administrative fees; improve the quality of the workforce and enhance the negotiating position of workers.