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什么是表现主义?文章指出表现主义有广义与狭义之分。但,不论哪一种变体,西方现代表现主义的共同特征都基于“表现”这一核心概念,背离古典学院派写实主义传统,崇尚原始活力和个性情感,屏弃自然主义的客观再现,追求自我感受的主观表现,诉诸非写实的形象和情绪化的色彩。20世纪30年代,法国的表现主义对中国产生过一定影响。80年代,德国表现主义以及新表现主义对中国美术界的影响更大,中国美术界一度流行自我表现的观念和夸张变形的手法。被忽略的是,在中国传统艺术的写意精神中也蕴涵着类似西方现代表现主义的基因。中国传统的文人写意画强调抒发性灵,就是强调表现个性情感。画家詹建俊说,王辅民的写意画吸收了中国文人画抒发性灵的写意精神和民间艺术质朴纯真的审美情趣,表现了自己异常鲜明的个性,和强烈的中国式的表现主义语言。
What is expressionism? The article points out that expressionism has a broad sense and a narrow sense. However, no matter what kind of variation, the common features of western modern expressionism are based on the core concept of “performance”, deviating from the classical academic tradition of realism, upholding the primitive vitality and individual affection, rejecting the objective reproduction of naturalism, Pursuit of the subjective expression of self-feeling, appeal to non-realistic image and emotional color. In the 1930s, French expressionism had had some influence on China. In the 1980s, German expressionism and neo-expressionism had a greater impact on the Chinese art world. The Chinese art scene was once prevalent in terms of self-expression and exaggeration. What is overlooked is that there is also a gene similar to Western modern expressionism in the freehand spirit of traditional Chinese art. Chinese traditional literati scribble emphasizes expressive spirit, which is to emphasize the expression of individual emotions. Artist Zhan Jianjun said that Wang Fumin’s freehand drawing absorbs the freehand spirit of Chinese literati painting and the simple and pure aesthetic taste of folk art, displaying his unusual personality and intense Chinese expressionist expression.