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目的比较对不同的检测材料测定鼠疫F1抗体、鼠疫F1抗原和病原学分离 ,探讨基层单位在鼠疫监测中 ,能早期发现鼠疫疫情的实验室检测方法。方法RIHA测定鼠疫F1抗原 ,IHA测定鼠疫F1抗体 ,在龙胆紫血液琼脂培养基中进行噬菌体裂解试验分离和鉴定鼠疫菌。结果人、犬、猫和鼠血清鼠疫F1抗体阳性率分别为5.3 %、6.3 %、20.7 %和0.67 % ;腺肿穿刺液和自毙鼠干尸或脏器鼠疫F1抗原阳性率为44.4 %和40 %、鼠疫杆菌阳性率为35.7%和14.4 % ;鼠体蚤和活鼠病原学分离的阳性率为0。结论RIHA能快速、准确发现鼠疫疫情 ,而犬、猫等指示动物的F1抗体监测比鼠血清F1抗体监测更省事和实用。
OBJECTIVE To compare the determination of F1 antibody and F1 antigen in plague with different test materials and the etiology of plague, and to explore the laboratory detection method of early detection of plague outbreak in grass-roots units during plague surveillance. Methods RIHA was used to determine the F1 antigen in plague and IHA was used in the determination of plague F1 antibody. The bacteriophages were isolated from the gentian violet agar medium and identified. Results The positive rate of F1 antibody in human, dog, cat and mouse sera was 5.3%, 6.3%, 20.7% and 0.67%, respectively. The positive rates of F1 antigen in the gland swab and autoimmune mice were 44.4% and 40% respectively %, The positive rate of Yersinia pestis was 35.7% and 14.4%, respectively. The positive rate of etiological isolation of flea and live rat was 0. Conclusion RIHA can quickly and accurately detect the outbreak of plague. However, the detection of F1 antibody in indicator animals such as dogs and cats is more efficient and practical than the monitoring of F1 antibody in serum.