论文部分内容阅读
目的通过分析伊宁市2015年麻疹流行特征,为制定麻疹防控措施提供科学依据。方法利用描述性流行病学方法对伊宁市2015年麻疹流行情况进行分析。结果伊宁市麻疹确诊病例65例,报告发病率8.67/10万,无死亡病例。确诊病例较前五年平均发病率(1.16/10万)上升647.41%,为前五年平均发病率的7.47倍。8月龄以下儿童占总病例数的13.11%,8月龄~17月龄儿童占总病例数的50.77%,18月龄~7岁儿童占总病例数的29.23%,7岁以上儿童占总病例数的7.69%。8月龄~17月龄(33例)病例中有0剂次免疫史的27例,占该年龄组发病数的81.82%。18月龄~7岁病例(19例)中有不满2剂次免疫史的11例,占该年龄组发病数的57.89%。麻疹病例35.38%有发病前7-21天就诊病史。结论易感人群的积累和集聚,医疗机构院内感染是2015年伊宁市麻疹流行的主要原因。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles in 2015 in Yining City and provide a scientific basis for the development of measles prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the prevalence of measles in Yining in 2015. Results 65 cases of measles confirmed in Yining City, the reported incidence of 8.67 / 100 000, no deaths. The average number of confirmed cases increased by 647.41% over the previous five years (1.16 / 100000), which is 7.47 times of the average incidence of the previous five years. Children under 8 months accounted for 13.11% of the total number of cases, children aged 8 months to 17 months accounted for 50.77% of the total number of cases, children aged 18 months to 7 years accounted for 29.23% of the total number of cases, children over 7 years accounted for the total 7.69% of cases. There were 27 cases with 0 dose immunization in 8 months to 17 months (33 cases), accounting for 81.82% of the cases in this age group. Among the 18 months old to 7 years old (19 cases), there were 11 cases with less than 2 doses of immunization, accounting for 57.89% of the cases in this age group. 35.38% of measles cases have a history of 7-21 days before onset. Conclusion The accumulation and agglomeration of susceptible population and the nosocomial infection in medical institutions are the main causes of measles epidemics in Yining in 2015.