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研究了早稻抽穗结实期开花、乳熟和蜡熟三阶段弱光照和高温对结实和干物质生产及分配的影响。结果表明:①各阶段的光强下降到70％的自然光强时,不会显著影响单穗籽粒产量;但光强下降至50％时,则会使空粒增加(开花阶段)或秕粒和空粒增加(乳熟阶段)或秕粒增加(蜡熟阶段),导致结实率下降而使单穗籽粒产量显著降低,弱光照对千粒重的影响不显著,②各阶段在36℃以上高温时,单穗籽粒产量和结实率均显著下降,除开花阶段外,还有明显降低千粒重的趋势,③光照不足和高温都使单茎干物质积累速率和积累量降低,但光照不足时使干物质在穗中分配比率提高,而高温则相反,另外,抽穗开花阶段光照不足使茎鞘养分运转率下降,乳熟和蜡熟阶段光照不足则使运转率提同,高温除蜡熟阶段使运转率提高外,在抽穗开花和乳熟阶段则均使运转率大大降低。
The effects of three stages of weak light and high temperature, such as flowering, milky ripening and wax ripening on the production and distribution of dry matter in early heading rice were studied. The results showed that: ① When the light intensity decreased to 70% of the natural light intensity at each stage, the yield per panicle would not be significantly affected; however, when the light intensity decreased to 50%, the empty grain would increase (flowering stage) And the increase of empty grain (milky stage) or the increase of dry stage (mature stage) resulted in the decrease of seed setting rate and the decrease of grain yield per panicle, while the weak light had no significant effect on 1000-grain weight. (2) , The grain yield and seed setting rate of single ear were significantly decreased, except the flowering stage, there was a clear trend to reduce the 1000-grain weight. ③ Both light and high temperature decreased the accumulation rate and accumulation of single stem dry matter, but the dry matter In the spike in the distribution ratio increased, while the high temperature is the opposite, in addition, heading and flowering stage of light to reduce the nutrient efficiency of the stems and sheaths, milky and ripening stage waxy light is running at the same time, the wax removal stage of high temperature operation rate Increase in the flowering and milky stage of heading are greatly reduced the operation rate.