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《人民警察使用警械和武器条例》规定了警察违法或合法使用武器造成人员伤亡、财产损失时应该承担的法律责任。由于相关规范抽象模糊,以致在司法实践中滋生不少亟待解决的问题,有必要重新探讨警察用枪行为的性质,构建警察枪械致害赔偿案件统一的救济模式。同时,警察用枪合法与否的判断有赖于一套科学、公正的枪案调查制度。经客观、专业的枪案调查,如若警察用枪行为合法则,警察机关应承担国家补偿责任,相应的补偿渠道和补偿标准值得探讨。
The “Regulations on the Use of Police and Weapons by the People’s Police” set forth the legal responsibilities that police should bear when causing the loss of life or property, as a result of illegal or lawful use of arms by police. Due to the abstract vagueness of the relevant norms, many problems to be solved urgently arise in the judicial practice. It is necessary to re-examine the nature of police-used guns and establish a unified relief model for compensation for the damage caused by police firearms. In the meantime, judging whether the police use a gun legally or not depends on a set of scientific and fair gun investigation system. After an objective and professional investigation into a gun case, if the police use a gun as a legal act, the police should bear the responsibility of national compensation and the corresponding compensation channels and compensation standards are worth discussing.