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随着物联网技术及其相关应用的快速发展,其信息安全性和隐私性也得到了业界的高度重视.由于制造成本和便携性的限制,物联网硬件的计算能力、存储能力和能量仍然受到非常大的限制,因此物联网信息安全大多基于对称密码算法加以保障.由于密码学Hash函数在数字签名、数据完整性检测和消息认证码等方面具有重要作用,但目前常用的Hash函数对于物联网应用而言仍然负担较大,研究与分析面向资源受限环境下安全高效的轻量级Hash函数,近年来逐渐成为了对称密码学研究方向上的一个广泛关注的问题.在Hash函数构造方法上,一般根据迭代压缩函数的不同设计原理可分为基于特定设计、基于分组密码构造和基于可证明安全理论三大类.基于不同设计方式分类,本文对近年来所提出的各种轻量级Hash函数进行说明和特点分析,并对已公开密码学分析结果情况进行综述性概括.最后在此综述的基础上,对于目前轻量级Hash函数的研究存在的问题与挑战给出相应的分析.
With the rapid development of the Internet of Things technology and its related applications, its information security and privacy are also highly valued by the industry. Due to the manufacturing cost and portability, the computing power, storage capacity and energy of the Internet of Things hardware are still very much affected The information security of Internet of Things is mostly based on the symmetric cipher algorithm.Since the cryptographic Hash function plays an important role in digital signatures, data integrity detection and message authentication code, the commonly used Hash function is not suitable for Internet of Things It is still a big burden to study and analyze the lightweight and efficient Hash functions for resources-constrained environments, and has become a widespread concern in the field of symmetric cryptography in recent years.In the construction of Hash functions, According to different design principles of iterative compression function, we can classify them into three categories based on specific design, packet-based cryptography and proof-based security theory.Based on the classification of different design methods, this paper presents various lightweight Hash functions proposed in recent years Carry on the explanation and the characteristic analysis, and has carried on the synthesis to the public cryptography analysis result situation Of the summary. Finally, based on this review, the current study lightweight Hash function problems and challenges given the corresponding analysis.