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半球谐振陀螺是基于哥氏效应测量角速度的新型固态陀螺,具有结构简单、精度高、功耗低、寿命长、可靠性好、抗空间辐射等优点,是捷联惯性导航系统的理想陀螺仪,在宇航领域具有独特的应用优势。半球谐振陀螺的理论精度不受量子尺寸效应限制,是高精度、微型化陀螺的重要发展方向之一。首先介绍了半球谐振陀螺的基本工作原理,其次介绍了半球谐振陀螺的发展历程,综述了半球谐振陀螺的国内外研究现状,最后对半球谐振陀螺的发展趋势进行了展望。
The hemispherical resonant gyroscope is a new type of solid state gyroscope based on Coriolis effect measuring angular velocity. It has the advantages of simple structure, high precision, low power consumption, long life, good reliability and anti-space radiation. It is an ideal gyroscope for strapdown inertial navigation system, In the aerospace field has a unique application advantages. The theoretical accuracy of the hemispherical resonator gyro is not limited by the quantum size effect and is one of the important development directions of a high-precision, miniature gyro. Firstly, the basic working principle of the hemispherical resonator gyroscope is introduced. Secondly, the development history of the hemispherical resonator gyroscope is introduced. The research status of the hemispherical resonator gyroscope is reviewed. Finally, the development trend of the hemispherical resonator gyroscope is prospected.